1. Sources of LEAD in Drinking Water

2. EU Regulatory Progress: From Low-Lead to “Positive List + Strict Limits”
- In January 2024, the EU adopted Regulation (EU) 2024/370 and Decision (EU) 2024/367, establishing the European Positive List (EUPL) of metallic materials approved for drinking water contact.
- End of 2026: All new products must comply with the Positive List.
- 2032: Transition period ends; non-listed alloys will be completely phased out.
- The maximum lead limit in drinking water will drop from 10 µg/L to 5 µg/L.
- Under REACH, further restrictions or bans on leaded copper alloys are expected.
Trend Summary: Low-lead will become the basic threshold. Zero-lead solutions will define the future.
3. Why Low-Lead Is No Longer Enough
- Material Limitation: Brass alloys still require lead for machinability; absolute zero lead is impossible.
- Compliance Risk: Many commonly used European or German standard brasses may not appear on the Positive List.
- Cost & Traceability: Low-lead raw materials are becoming scarce and expensive, with inconsistent quality assurance.
- Health Threshold: With the new 5 µg/L limit, even minor lead leaching is unacceptable for long-term health.
4. The Solution: Core & Shell Waterway Design

Core Advantage: A complete waterway separation ensures zero lead leaching, while preserving the look and performance of traditional metal faucets.
5. Future Value: Compliance + Technical Barriers + Brand Power
- Compliance First: Avoid disqualification under future EU rules.
- Technical Barrier: Structural design + material control + traceability = long-term moat.
- Brand Trust: True “zero-lead waterway” enhances credibility and allows premium positioning.
- Future-Proof: Seamlessly adapts to the 2032 regulatory endpoint and beyond.
Regulatory Roadmap Timeline

Conclusion
Low-lead is only the present; the future belongs to zero-lead. With our Core & Shell design, we go beyond compliance, shaping the next generation of safe and sustainable drinking water solutions.
